Baker&#39;s oven.



PATENTED 'B. YGRE.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

MAY 23, 1905.

5 SEEETSSEEET l.

LWLLMMQQQ ltfiww i. M K I @313 A lttomuu PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN.

OATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

' witmawaa I .4: A ,4 4- A No. 790,862. PATENTED MAY 23, 1905. B.YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YURE.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 1. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YGRE. BAKERS OVEN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

to @31 6 mo NITED STATES Patented May 23, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

BAPTISTE YGRE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,862, dated May 23,1905.

Application filed June 1, 1904. Serial No. 210,710.

.To all whom! it may concern.-

for one ordinary oven and which has the advantage that two or more mencan work at the oven for charging and discharging the articles to andfrom the baking-chamber; and the invention consists of a bakers oventhat is divided by means of an interior gate into two chambers-acharging-chamber and a bakingchamber-the chargingchamber being providedwith transverse track-rails and with a truck which is movable on saidtrack-rails and provided with longitudinally-grooved ways that areplaced in line with wheeled bakingracks arranged in rows in thebaking-chamber.

The invention consists, further, in the improved construction of theinterior gate and its closing-blocks, the means for shifting theclosing-blocks, and in the means for lowering or raising the entireinterior gate for giving access to the baking-chamber, and the inventionconsists, lastly, in the constructive details of the baking racks andshelves, which will be fully described hereinafter, and finally pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation ofmy improved bakers oven, showing the main gate raised and the auxiliaryfront and interior gates in closed position. Fig. 2 is a front elevationshowing the main gate raised, the auxiliary front gate closed, and theinterior gate in lowered or open position. Fig. 3 is a verticaltransverse section through the main and auxiliary front gates drawn on alarger scale. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through thecharging and baking chambers, showing the front gate and the interiorgate in closed position.

u I l Flg. 5 1s a horizontal section on i line 5 5, Fig. 1, through thecharging and baking chambers. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse sectionthrough the charging-chamber and interior gate drawn on a larger scale;and Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a perspective View of the truck bywhich the baking-racks are transferred from one side of thebakingchamber to the other and a vertical transverse section of thetruck on line 8 8,'Fig. 7.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The oven is divided by an interior transverse gate G, that is located atsome distance from the front wall A of the ovenfinto a largercompartment or baking-chamber U and a smaller compartment orchargingchamber B, which is located between the front wall A and theinterior gate G. The bakingchamber is made of [ire-brick and arched inthe usual manner, but of greater height than the baking-chamber of anordinary bakers oven, so as to provide for the introduction of aplurality of baking-racks R, which are made of suflicient height so asto support a pluralitysay five or moreof superposed bakingshelves. Thecharging-chamber Bis made of corresponding height, so as to provide forthe height of the baking-racks, While the opening 0 in the front walland the opening 0 in the wall between the charging and. baking chambersare also made of sufficient size to permit the introduction of thebaking-racks into the charging-chamber and from the same into thebaking-chamber and the removing of the same from one chamber to theother. In front of the opening 0 in the front wall A is anranged ahorizontal charging board or shelf A, on which the articles to be bakedare placed, so as to permit the ready transference of the same to thebaking-racks in the charging-chamber after the front gates are openedand then into the baking-chamber after the interior gate G is opened.The charging and baking chambers are heated up by means of flues whichare arranged-in the side, rear, and top walls of the oven and throughwhich the products of combustion from the fireplaces F are conducted tothe chimney, so as to permit the preparatory and permanent firing of thebaking-chamber. The products of combustion are first drawn through theside flues to the rear fines, then in upward direction to the top fines,then in forward direction through the top flues to the chimney, the flueconnections being made in any approved manner, so that a thoroughdistribution of the products of combustion in the lines and the uniformheating of the walls of the charging and baking chambers is obtained.

T/Lef mnt gatcs.Theopening 0 in the front wall of the oven extends forthe full width of the oven and is surrounded by an iron frame E ofrectangular shape, which is closed by a main gate E, that is suspendedfrom a suitable chain a, passing over pulleys e and counterbalanced by aweight 0 so that the main gate can be readily opened or closed. The maingate E is guided in vertical ways of the frame E, as shown in Figs. 1,3, and 5. Adjacent to and back of the main gate E is arranged a secondor auxiliary front gate E,

which is likewise suspended from a chain 6",-

that is guided over pulleys e and counterbalanced by a weight 0 so as tobe readily raised or lowered. The auxiliary front gate E consists of arectangular frame E which is provided in its bottom with grooved ways 6and near its ends with vertical guideways a.

The vertical guideways e serve for guiding smaller gates 6, one at eachend, which are counterbalanced by weighted chains a that are applied tothe upper hook-shaped ends of rods e attached to the end gates, saidcounterbalancing-chains 0 being guided over pulleys e on the front wallof the oven, so that the end gates can be separately raised or loweredindependently of the main gate E for giving access to the right and lefthand sides of the charging and baking chambers. Between the end gates Eand in alinement therewith is arranged a plurality of closing-blocks E,which are guided in the bottom ways 0 of the frame E and shiftabletherein, four of these blocks being shown in the drawings. The end gatesE and shiftable closing-blocks E are made of wrought-iron or othersuitable material and are connected at their adjacent sides bytongue-and-groove joints, so as to produce the tight closing of thechargingchamber. The closing-blocks E are provided with rack-teeth attheir lower ends-and made to intermesh with intermediate pinions e, theshafts of which are supported in bearings in the lower part of the mainframe E, said pinions being again placed in mesh with gearwheels 0,which are keyed to tubular shafts s, that are provided at their frontends with hand-wheels s. The gear-wheels 0 and their tubular shafts sare supported in a casing arranged below the frame E of the front gatesE E of the oven, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The tubular shafts s and thegear-wheels e and pinions e, interposed between the shafts and theclosing-blocks E serve for the purpose of shifting the blocks E eithertowardthe right or left in the frame E after the end gates Eare placedin raised position, so as to give thereby access to any portion of thecharging and baking chambers. The main gate E and the auxiliary frontgate E composed of the frame E end gates E, and shiftable closing-blocksE, are raised whenever the entire front openingo of the oven is to beopened, so as to give access to the entire width of the charging andbaking chambers when this is desired for inserting or removing thebaking-racks, cleaning the sole of the bakingchamber, and for otherpurposes. During the ordinary use of the oven the main gate E and theauxiliary front gate E are in their lowered position, as shown in Figs.1 and 4. and access is given to the charging and baking chainbers byfirst raising the main gate E, then one of the end gates, and thenshifting one of the closing-blocks toward the right or left into thespace before occupied by the end gate, so that as little heat aspossible is permitted to escape from the charging-chamber during thecharging and discharging of the oven. The space for shifting theclosingblocks E to the left or right is obtained by raising either oneor both of the end gates E to the fullest extent. By this arrangementaccess may be given to any part of the charging and baking chamberseither at the sides of the same by simply raising one or both end gatesE or at any intermediate part of the same by raising the end gates andthen shifting the closing-blocks to one side or the other.

The large opening in the front wall of the oven, together with the maingate and the auxiliary front gate with its end gates and shiftableclosing-blocks, can be used in connection with any ordinary bakers oven,the improved front gates having the advantage that two men can work atthe oven instead of one for charging the articles to be baked anddischarging the baked articles, while heretofore only one man could workat the narrow chargingopening of an oven at one time.

The charging-Cinnabar'.The interior gate G is arranged at such adistancefrom the front gates E E that a charging-chamber of suflicient size isobtained in which the bakingracks R can be readily moved transverselyfrom one side to the other for the convenient transference of the racksfrom the chargingchamber to the baking-chamber, and vice versa, from thebaking-chamber to the charging-chamber, as required. The level of thebottom of the charging-chamber B is somewhat below the level of the topsurface of the front board or shelf A and below the level of the sole ofthe baking-chamber, so as to permit the arrangement of transversetrack-rails (Z on the bottom of the charging-chamber, on which is guideda wheeled truck D, which is shown clearly in Figs. 6 and 7. The truck 1)is made of oblong shape, its length being equal with the width of thecharging-chamber B and provided on its top surface withlongitudinally-grooved ways d, that extend from the front to the rearend of the truck, so as to permit the Wheels of the bal. ingracks to berun into the grooved ways d of the truck and the moving of the truckwith the baking-rack on the same from one end of the charging-chamber tothe other. The truck D is provided at its under side with a transverserack (Z which is preferably located at the middle portion of the truckand engaged by pinions (Z that project through slotted openings ()Z' inthe bottom of the charging-chamber B, said pinions meshing withgear-wheels d, that are keyed to tubular shafts 8 located in the tubularshafts a of the operating-gears of the closingblocks E. The tubularshafts are provided with hand-wheels .s in front of thehand-w heels 3and supported at the rear ends in bearings of a transverse casing clbelow the bottom of the charging-chamber, as shown in Fig; 4. By turningthe tubular shafts s in one or the opposite direction the truck D ismoved by the pinions (Z gradually through the charging-chamber to oneside or the other, as required, Adjacent to and in front of the pinions(Z the bottom of the charging-chamber B is provided with oblong sockets(Z7 for inserting stop-pins (Z by which the truck can be locked inposition, as shown in Fig. 5, axially in line with the baking-racks inthe baking-chamber for permitting the transfer ofthe racks from thebaking-chamber to the truck in the charging-chamber, and vice versa,

the return of the baking-racks from the charging-cham her into thebaking-chamber. When the truck with the baking-rack on the same is heldin position by the stop-pins (i they are also axially in line with acorresponding open space formed in the auxiliary front gate E eitherby'the raising of the end gates or the shifting of the closing-blocksFf, so as to permit the convenient charging or discharging of theshelves of'the baking-rack through the open spaces in the auxiliaryfront gate.

The interior gazle.The interior gate G is guided in vertical ways of arectangular main frame Gr, which is open at its lower part.

The gate G is composed of an oblong guideframe G twolaterally-shiftableend blocks G", and intermediate shiftable closing-blocks G", as shown inFig. 5. The end blocks G and closing-blocks G are guided in parallelways g in the bottom of the guide-frame G the end blocks G being guidedin the front ways and the intermediate blocks in the rear way 9. Boththe end blocks and intermedi' ate blocks are made shiftable to one sideor the other, like the closing-blocks of the auxiliary front gate, bypinions g, which project through openings in the bottom of theguideframe G and mesh with the toothed lower ends of the end andintermediate blocks G G", the pinions "being supported in bearings ofthe guide-frame G and operated by two sets of intermeshing gear-wheelsThe front gear wheels g are provided with tubular shafts g" and the reargear-wheels g with solid shafts 9 which extend through the tubularshafts The shafts g are engaged in any suitable manner by thesocket-shaped rear ends of tubular shafts .9", so as to be turned in oneor the opposite direction by the same, said shafts extending through thetubular shafts s and being provided in front of the handwheels .9 of thelatter with actuating handwheels 8 While the shafts g" of the reargearwheels g are adapted to be coupled by the rear ends of shafts s,that are extended through the tubular shafts s and provided at theirfront ends with hand wheels 8 The end blocks G and intermediate blocks Gare shifted by the action of the shafts 5' 8 and the intermediatetransmitting gears and pinions in the bottom ways of the guide frame Gso as to provide the space required for moving the baking-racks from thebaking-chamber into the charging-chamber and back into the bakingchamberand give thereby, in

connection with the end gates and shiftable blocks of the auxiliaryfront gate, access to any part of the baking-chamber. The guideframe Gof the interiorgate G is extended to a sufiicient distance below itsbottom, so as to provide the necessary space for the motion-transmittingpinions and gear wheelsand is swiveled at its lower end to ascrew-spindle G, having a hand-wheel Gr at its lower end, thescrew-spindle engaging a central screw-nut g of the stationary yoke Garranged in a recess B below the chargingchamber B, so as to give accessto the screwspindle and produce by the turning of the same by itshand-wheel the raising or lowering of the entire gate-frame G with itsend and intermediate blocks, so that access is given for the entirewidth of the baking-chamber for placing the baking-racks in positiontherein or for the removing of the racks and cleaning the sole of thebaking-chamber. The recess B below the charging-chamber B is preferablyclosed at its front end by a suitable panel 1), which is removedwhenever the interior gate is desired to be raised or lowered in itsentirety.

Opcmti0n.For starting the oven it is necessary to introduce first thefull complement of baking-racks into the baking-chamber. This isaccomplished by opening entirely the front gates by raising them totheir full extent and the interior gate by lowering it to the fullextent. One rack after the other is then placed in position on the truckin the charging-chamber and from the same moved to the rear part of thebaking-chamber, the next rack in front of the rearmost rack, and so onuntil the first row is in position in the baking-chamber. The racks ofthe next row are then placed in position in the bakingchamber by movingthe truck laterally in line with the axis of the second row. The truckis again moved laterally in the charging-chamber for placing the thirdrow of racks in position, and so on until the entire baking-chamber isfilled with racks, a space corresponding to one row of racks being leftunoccupied at one side of the baking-chamber, as shown at the left-handside of Fig. 5. The gates are then closed and the preliminary heating ofthe oven started. The racks remain in the ovenWithoutbeingremovedtherefrom. They are then charged with the articles to be baked byopening the corresponding end gates and closing-blocks of the front andinterior gates, moving one rack after the other into thecharging-chamber, placing the articles thereon, and returning the racksinto the bakingchamber. This is accomplished by means of the vacantspace at one side of the bakingchamber, which permits the shifting ofthe racks row by row in the baking-chamber in connection with the truckin the chargingchamber. When the shelves of all the racks are charged,the closing-blocks and the front main gate are closed, the ovenpermanently fired, so as to bake the articles on the racks. After thebaking operation is completed one rack after the other is moved on thetruck in the charging-chamber, starting at one side of thebaking-chamber, and the baked articles are discharged into a basket bymoving the rakes on one shelf after the other in forward direction. Therack is then moved transversely with the truck to the opposite side ofthe charging-chamber to the farthest rear end of the same. The next rackis then moved onto the truck, the baked articles are removed by therakes in the same manner as before, the truck is moved over into linewith the vacant space in the baking-chamber, and the rack moved backwardinto a position adjacent to the rack before put in, and so on until thevacant space is filled with racks. The row of racks next adjacent to thespace just filled is then moved forward into the charging-chamber oneafter the other, the articles thereon are removed,and the racks placedin the vacant space formed at the opposite side of the baking-chamberadjacent the first row of racks that has been moved over into the vacantspace, so that this side of the oven is charged again with racks. Theremaining rows of racks are then moved forward in the same manner intothe vacant space formed by the rows of racks just removed until thearticles from all the racks are discharged and the same replaced inproper position. When several batches are to be baked by one heat of theoven, all the racks are again charged before being returned into theirposition in the baking-chamber. After all the racks are replaced in thebaking-chamber, the front and interior gates are closed again and thesecond baking operation takes place. When this is accomplished, thebaking-racks are removed again in the same manner by shifting one rackafter the other first into the chargingchamber, removing the bakedarticles, replacing them with new articles, and then shifting the racksback into their proper position in the baking-chamber. In this manner avery large quantity of articles can be baked in one heat of the oven,and thereby the output of the oven greatly increased.

Theimproved oven saves considerable floorspace, as it take the place offour or five ovens I claim as my invention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In abakers oven, the combination, witha baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in communication therewith, of a separating-gatebetween said chambers, comprising a frame havinga plurality of shiftableblocks or panels guided therein, said frame being movable downwardlybelow the baking-chamber floor.

2. In a bakers oven, the combination, with the baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in front of the same, of an interior separatinggatebetween said chambers, said gate being composed of a guide-frameprovided with two parallel ways, closing-blocks at each end of one ofsaid ways, closing-blocks between the end closing-blocks, guided in theother way of the guide-frame, and means for shifting the endclosing-blocks and intermediate closing-blocks independently of eachother in the ways of the guide-frame.

3. In abakers oven, the combinati0n,with a baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in front of the same, of an interior separatinggatebetween said chambers, a main gate at the front end of thecharging-chamber, atruck in said charging-chamber, and means for movingthe truck transversely from one side to the other in thecharging-chamber.

4:. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in communication therewith,of a separating-gate betweensaid chambers, a plurality of spaced pinions alined transversely of saidchargingchamber, a transversely-movable truck arranged in saidcharging-chamber and provided with a rack for successively engaging saidpinions, and means for independently actuating each of the latter.

5. Inabakers oven, the combination, witha baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in front of said baking-chamber, of gates for openingor closing both chambers, transverse rails in the charging-chamber, atruck in said charging-chamber, movable on said rails and provided withlongitudinal guide-grooves for the baking-racks, and means for movingthe truck from one side to the other in said charging-chamber.

6. In abakers oven, the combination, With a baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in front of said baking-chamber, of gates for openingor closing each of said chambers, a truck in the charging-chamber, meansfor moving the truck from one side to the other of the charging-chamber,and means for looking the truck in position in said chargingchamber.

7. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber and acharging-chamber in front of the same,of a plurality of baking-racksBAPTISTE YCRE.

Witn esses PAUL GOEPEL, V HE RY J. SUHRBIER.

